叠加开采下浅埋煤层裂隙演化与连通特征
Crack Development and Interconnected Characteristics of Closely Spaced Shallow Coal Seams Under Overlapping Mining
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摘要: 浅埋近距离煤层群上覆岩层受重复采动影响，裂隙叠加发育易形成采空区与地表连通。以典型近距离开采煤层群为例，采用物理模拟实验和数值分析的方法对上、下煤层开采过程中上覆岩层的裂隙演化时空规律和应力分布特征进行了模拟。结果表明：两煤层开挖结束后，裂隙高度呈驼峰式分布，沿倾向和走向方向的两侧上方形成了较为明显的应力集中区；上部煤层开挖结束后，最大竖向裂隙发育高度为75 m，但并未连通地表；随着下部煤层开挖，裂隙重复发育，裂隙高度随工作面推进逐渐增加，两侧裂隙率先与地表连通。Abstract: Overlying strata of closely spaced shallow coal seams influenced by the repeated mining which cause cracks superposition development and form connection of mined-out area and surface. Taking typical closely mining coal seams as an example, we use the method of physical experiment and numerical analysis to simulate crack evolution laws and stress distribution of overlying strata during the process of slice mining. The results show that after the mining process of two coal seams, there forms obvious stress concentration region on both sides of trend and tendency. Fracture height exhibits hump shape distribution, the maximum vertical fracture height is 75 m, but not connected to surface after the higher slice has been mined. With the mining process of the lower slice, cracks developed again, crack height gradually increased with the advance of working face and the both sides of fracture connected to surface firstly.
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