Abstract: Because the characteristics of gas and disaster controlled by structure are significant in No.10 Coal Mine of Pingdingshan, based on this example, main gas controlling structures are analyzed. The reverse faults and recoil faults control gas zoning and gas disaster distribution of No.10 mine. According to the actual gas pouring capacity data of each coal face in different structural regions, the mine No.10 is divided into four units. Relative gas pouring capacity of coal face is 1.59 m³/t in shallow low gas area, 16.87 m³/t in No.10 mine syncline high gas area, 4.20 m³/t in Guozhuang anticline low gas area, and 15.73 m³/t in Likou syncline area. According to the stress analysis of the main gas controlling structure, gas-related parameters statistics, and results of gas accidents occurred, the distribution of gas disasters controlled by main controlling structure is discussed, and the gas disaster prevention area which should be focused on in future is proposed.