预置导向缝定向水压爆破增透技术
Study on Improving Penetrability of Coal Seam by Directional Hydraulic Blasting of Preseting Guide Seam
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摘要: 针对高瓦斯低透气性煤层瓦斯抽采困难问题，提出预置导向缝定向水压爆破增透新技术，利用爆破孔内导向缝和爆破孔周围的观测孔的共同定向作用对爆破孔进行定向水压爆破，爆破孔与观测孔之间的煤体压穿形成贯穿裂缝，从而达到煤层卸压和增加透气性的目的。研究了导向缝在水压爆破中的定向机理和增透机理，阐述了导向缝定向水压爆破增透技术工艺。经现场试验表明：采用预置导向缝定向水压爆破增透技术后影响半径达7 m有余，爆破孔单位时间瓦斯抽采量约是原来的1.467倍，瓦斯抽采效率显著提高。Abstract: For the difficulty of gas extraction in the low permeability coal seam, a new technology of directional hydraulic blasting by preseting guide seams is proposed. Using the common orientation of guide seams in blasting holes and observe holes around the blasting holes, the directional hydraulic blasting is fulfilled in the blasting holes. Coal body between blasting holes and the observe holes is penetrated, so as to relieve the seam pressure and increase permeability. The directional hydraulic blasting mechanism is proposed and analyzed. The technological procedures of the directional hydraulic blasting by preseting guide seams is expounded. The field tests show that compared with the ordinary hydraulic blasting, gas drainage influence radius using the directional hydraulic blasting by preseting guide seam is over 7 m. The gas drainage of blasting hole in unit time is about 1.467 times of the original. The efficiency of gas extraction is significantly improved.
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Keywords:
- hydraulic blasting /
- guide seam /
- permeability improvement /
- orientation /
- water coupling /
- gas drainage
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