Abstract: To research the rock burst frequently occurred in shallow coal mine, and conduct semi-quantitative risk assessment of rock bust under similar conditions, the analysis of lots of geological conditions and relevant roadway support measures of shallow mining rock bursts spot shows that due to lateral abutment pressure, tectonic stress overlaying on unexploited mining face vertically leads to stress anomaly; the support and safety protection measures are designed in accordance with the requirements for shallow coal mine on spot without fully considering the distribution characteristics of the regional stress field of mining. On this basis, we propose the concept of equivalent mining depth and the estimate formula, what's more, semi-quantitative risk assessment of rock bust should be done before mining and in accordance with the "equivalent mining depth" to conduct surrounding rock control design and relevant safety protection.