Abstract: The uphill and downhill protection coal pillar area is the frequently-occurring zone of coal mine dynamic disasters, especially this problem is more significant for the mining area of deep coal seam group jointly arranged in post-production. Through theoretical analysis and microseismic monitoring, We studied the overlying strata structure evolution feature and its influence on rock-burst in uphill and downhill protection coal pillar area. The results indicate that it sequentially forms "F" structure of single coal seam mining in one side and "T" structure of single seam mining in both sides and large "T" structure of coal seam group mining in uphill and downhill coal pillar area, which causes the scope and intensity of overlying strata gradually increases and rock-burst hazard continuously rises. The field microseismic monitoring verifies the reasonableness of conclusions. Targeted control measures are proposed based on different overlying strata structure. The research achievements provide reference and guidance for preventing coal and rock dynamical disasters in deep mine.