Abstract: To probe the influence of safety climate on the safety performance of miners, review and summed up the research on safety climate, the safety climate factors which include safety knowledge, supporting supervision environment, safety participation and communication, management's safety attitude, education and training, are proposed. A Structural Equation Model (SEM) was established between safety climate factors and miner's safety performance, then tested by AMOS7.0, and updated. Analysis showed that 5 safety climate factors have a directly positive effect on miner's safety performance, management's safety attitude, supporting supervision environment, education and training have indirect effects on miner's safety performance by affecting other factors.