Abstract: According to the characteristics of columned coal spontaneous combustion experiment stand and experimental data,theoretical analysis and experimental are used to research heat storage environment, particle size and air supply amount.The influence law of experimental conditions and the appropriate experimental conditions are got.For the experiments with shorter experimental period,the experiment error will be allowed when the difference in temperature between the coal and preservation water temperature are controlled at 1 ℃.But for the experimental period longer than 60 days,experiments need to reduce temperature difference.The lower of environment temperature is,the greater impact on the experiment. At the beginning of experiment,air supply amount should be between 0.072 and 0.360 m³/h,during the experiment,supply air volume should be adjusted based on oxygen concentrations in high-temperature region.