Abstract: The geological conditions in some coal mines of China are very complex. Oil shale seam is even seen around coal seams. There a large amount of gas stored in this closed environment, which leads to a high risk of fire disaster. This article takes the Haishiwan Mine in Yaojie as the research objective and gives a study on the physical parameters of oil shale. The pore distribution character, spontaneous combustion tendency and index gas of oxidation is obtained, which can be taken as the basement of fire prevention measurement.