Abstract: China's coal mining industry is a high-risk industry, the high number of coal mine accidents makes emergency management work of coal mining enterprises to face many challenges, in order to improve emergency management capability, the article designed a indicator system for assessing the emergency management level of coal mining enterprises.Based on existing literatures study, this article analyzes the main causing factors of China's coal accidents. The relationship between those factors and emergency management capabilities of coal enterprises are discussed. Then from the perspective of accident causation, a set of evaluation indicators for emergency management capability in coal enterprise is established. The index system not only helps coal enterprise to improve their emergency management capability, but also guides coal enterprises to build emergency management capacity and reduce the occurrence of coal mine accidents.