哈尔乌素露天煤矿边坡爆破振动安全评价与数据分析
Safety Evaluation and Data Analysis of Slope Blasting Vibration in Haerwusu Open-pit Coal Mine
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摘要: 哈尔乌素露天矿南帮上部变电站，长期受爆破振动影响，楼体出现变形破坏。现场爆破震动测试发现，存在高程放大效应，测试数据与预测速度相对误差在52%~92%之间，误差较大。监测最大振动速度为0.624 cm/s，在《爆破安全规程》安全要求范围内；输入建筑物的振动频率范围为2.5~9.0 Hz，建筑物框架结构和墙体固有频率分别为2.75、7.32 Hz，建筑物的固有频率在爆破振动频率范围之内，易诱发楼梯产生共振现象，特别是长期频繁的振动累积是造成楼体结构破坏的主要因素。对测试数据运用线性回归分析了未考虑高程的经验公式和高程影响下爆破振动公式2种形式，高程影响下爆破振动公式适合露天矿预测，参数K=110.17、α=1.834、β=-1.235。Abstract: The transformer substation on south slope of Haerwusu Open-pit Mine is influenced by blasting vibration for a long time, the buildings appeared deformation and failure. The blasting vibration testing found that there were elvation amplificaiton effect, the test data and the relative error rate was from 52% to 92%, the error was bigger. The biggest monitoring vibration velocity was 0.624 cm/s, which was in the safety requirements scope of "Blasting Safety Regulations". The vibration frequency range of input building 2.5 to 9.0 Hz. Building frame structure and wall's natural frequency was 2.75 and 7.32 Hz. The natural frequency of the building was in the blasting vibration frequency range, which easily induced resonance phenomenon of stairs. Especially long-term accumulation of frequent vibrations were the main factors causing the destruction of the floor structure. The test data were analyzed by using linear regression formula under empirical formula unconsidering elevation and blasting vibration formula affected by elevation two forms. blasting vibration formula affected by elevation is suitable for open-pit prediction, the parameter K is 110.17,α is 1.834,β is -1.235.
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