Abstract: At present, pneumoconiosis is the most serious occupational disease of our country, the coal industry is a high-incidence industry of pneumoconiosis, the prevalence rate has been high, and the situation of coal mine pneumoconiosis prevention and control is very grim. Firstly, it introduces the current situation of coal mine pneumoconiosis of our country, analyzes the direct and indirect reasons that causes the coal mine pneumoconiosis serious in-depth, then stresses the severity of the consequences of coal mines pneumoconiosis. Finally, it proposes the prevention measures of coal mine pneumoconiosis in the aspects of government, enterprises to individual employees for various reasons.