Abstract: Based on the dynamic and nonlinear features of mine safety production system, the system dynamics is applied to study and find the influence factors in mine safety system in the paper. The study found that the system of coal mine safety factors can be divided into seven categories, including equipment factors, natural factors, staff factors, factors of safety technology, safety management factors, legal supervision factors, economic factors. The paper analyszes the influence and interdependent relationship between each factors, the causality diagram of complex system of mine safety influence factors is established at last. The paper states the system structure of the safety model in detail, and comprehensively analyzes the coal mine safety system, it provides a new research thought for the coal enterprises to find the best safety management control scheme to improve safety production level of coal mine enterprises.