Abstract: Taking the coal lower layered face as research object, economic, reasonable comprehensive fire prevention measures need to be considered from the factors including detecting pressure energy distribution of ventilation system, coal body temperature, air leakage channels and air leakage amount, and high temperature gas emission points from monitoring gas samples component and laboratory test results of coal oxidation at room temperature. Research results show that the prevention approach pointed out in this paper can accurately determine the key area of prevention and control of spontaneous combustion of coal. An economical and effective method is grouting the key tunnel or coal body based on the monitoring data.