Abstract: Taking two sources of danger theory as guide, the paper elaborates the practical application of theory in safety production in coal mine. Various energy and dangerous substances existing in natural coal are the first class risk sources, and the human error, material failure and environmental factors that cause the first class risk source failure are belong to the second class risk source. Through the identification of the first class risk existing in coal production, the control measures for the first class risk source are summarized, generalized and classified. The human errors and environmental factors (the second class of hazard) possibly appeared in coal mine are listed, and the preventive measures were put forward.