长壁全部充填与条带充填开采沉陷控制效果对比
Comparative of Subsidence Control Effect on Longwall Complete Filling and Strip Filling Minin
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摘要: 为了研究不同充填开采方法对地表沉陷的控制作用,采用理论分析和数值模拟方法对比了长壁全部充填和条带充填开采的地表沉陷规律,并对二者差异及原因进行了分析,研究结果表明:在充填率相同的条件下,采用长壁条带充填开采能够形成若干个间隔支撑顶板的“条带充填体”,限制顶板和覆岩的下沉量,保证覆岩关键层结构不破坏,使得地表沉陷可控;而采用长壁全部充填开采,充填体被平均分配到整个采空区,导致空顶高度增加、顶板和覆岩的下沉量变大,造成覆岩关键层结构发生破坏、地表下沉加剧,因而沉陷控制效果较条带充填明显变差;在控制相同的地表沉陷效果时,长壁条带充填的充填率较长壁全部充填明显降低;说明一定充填率条件下长壁条带充填开采对地表沉陷的控制效果比长壁全部充填开采更好。Abstract: In order to study surface subsidence control effect of different filling methods, theory analysis and numerical simulation methods had been used to compare surface subsidence laws of longwall complete filling and strip filling, and the difference and reason of them were analyzed. The results showed that longwall strip filling mining could form "strip filling body" of several interval support roof under the same conditions of same filling ratio, it restricted the subsidence amount of roof and overlying strata and ensured that the key strata structure did not destroy, made the surface subsidence controllable. For longwall complete filling mining, its filling material had been evenly assigned to the whole goaf, which lead to the increase of empty top height and subsidence amount of roof and overlying strata, finally caused the broken of key strata structure and severe sink of surface, so its control effect was inferior than strip filling. With the same surface subsidence control effect, the filling ratio of longwall strip filling was obviously lower than longwall complete filling.
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