Abstract: Taking typical rock burst mine under thick gravel influence as background, using theoretical analysis and numerical simulation methods, the regional stress control rock burst prevention mechanism and effect that takes thin coal seam as protective seam mining is studied. The research finds that the pressure relief gradient and range have a direct ratio relation with the mining range of protective coal seam on the premise of that the protective layer and the protected layer located in a certain distance. The larger protective coal seam miming, the larger space of high stress released within the overburden, the surrounding rock and sectional coal pillars just bear mine-induced stress from protected coal seam mining, the "roof-seam" structure is in a low stress and the rock burst is controled.