Abstract: Combing with ventilation system status in Honghui No.1 Coal Mine, for the characteristics of ventilation system in Multi-wellhead old mine, through analysis and research, the paper proposes that the key elements of ventilation system in Multi-wellhead old mine are ventilation network, adjust optimization, optimization of ventilation resistance is to shorten the length of the maximum ventilation resistance route, reduce the wind, select the economy section, parallel ventilation and so on. The main purpose of mining area optimization is rational allocation of intake and return air roadway quantity, the optimization and adjustment of ventilation facilities, the reduce of the ventilation resistance in the non-air section. Dynamic optimization of the ventilation system should make full use of reasonable adjustments to the existing roadway and ventilation facilities, supporting energy-saving facilities, to achieve economic ventilation. Accordingly system optimization and transformation is proposed and implemented.