Abstract: In this paper,circular tunnel with the universal significance was put as the carrier,burgers rheological model was relyed,the rheological mechanism of the elastic area,plastic softening area and plastic residual strength area of surrounding rocks were analyzed,the displacement and stress of every area were found,the radius of plastic area was solved,the theoretical analysis was verified to be true through the engineering examples.It can be provided a theoretical reference for controlling the deformation of the roadways.