Abstract: In order to solve the problem of deep high stress argillaceous soft rock floor drainage roadway affected by mining disturbance, taking the layout optimization and surrounding rock control of deep argillaceous soft rock floor drainage roadway in Libi Coal Mine of Shanxi Province as the research object, comprehensive research methods such as theoretical analysis, numerical calculation and industrial test are adopted to reveal the mining stress evolution law of surrounding rock of rock floor drainage roadway, and optimize the layout of floor drainage roadway. The results show that when the external fault between roadway and working face is greater than 15 m, the stress concentration effect is obviously weakened, the passing area between the plastic zone of roadway and the plastic zone of working face is greatly reduced, and the displacement of roof and floor and two sides is small, which is conducive to the stability maintenance of the surrounding rock in the rock floor drainage roadway. The results of the industrial test also further verify the effectiveness of the optimized arrangement of the deep argillaceous soft rock floor drainage roadway in the actual project. With this optimized arrangement, the maintenance effect of the rock floor drainage roadway is good, and the safety production of the mine can be effectively guaranteed.