Abstract: Droplet distribution characteristic is one of the key factors to determine the dust reduction effect of the spray system. In order to study the droplets distribution characteristics under different conditions, the effect mechanism of airflow speed and spray angle on the droplets distribution characteristics was analyzed based on CFD simulation; in addition, the characteristics of droplet distribution after the spray nozzles are arranged near the shearer are also investigated. The results indicate that different airflow speed and spray angle conditions caused an increase in the longitudinal height and transverse length of the spray belt mainly by increasing the transverse momentum of the droplets. With the increase of wind speed, the momentum shielding effect between droplets at different spatial locations becomes more prominent, which further increases the difference of transverse momentum between droplets and enhances the convergence effect between droplets, resulting in the formation of large-particle droplets around the spray zone. The increase of the spray angle mainly changes the distribution ratio of the outlet momentum in the transverse and longitudinal directions, and the momentum of all droplets in the space is more uniform, which has no obvious effect on the spray particle size distribution characteristics.