Abstract: In order to prevent the occurrence of coal mine roof accidents, it is of great significance to realize the knowledge discovery of accident causes and the network analysis of disaster chain. Taking the accident causes in the coal mine roof accident report as the data set, the knowledge map of accident causes was constructed. Further, based on the complex network theory, the causal disaster chain network is constructed and analyzed. The research results show that 22 factors, such as roof collapse, empty roof and support deformation, are the main disaster causing factors of coal mine roof accidents; the side with the greatest risk is from illegal command to illegal operation of operators in disaster chain network analysis. The control of key nodes and edges can effectively control the occurrence or derivative development of coal mine roof accidents.