Abstract: In this paper, taking the mining of deep-buried water-covered coal seam in 4105 working face of Wenjiapo Coal Mine as an example, similar material simulation and numerical simulation methods are used to study the law of overburden failure and fracture zone development, and to explore the impact of deep-buried coal seam mining on the safety of Hongyan River. The research shows that when the working face continues to advance, the goaf area increases, and the overlying rock is bent and deformed under the action of gravity to form a separation layer. When the gravity exceeds the rock deformation limit, the overlying rock will be destroyed and deformed, and some separation layers will collapse and disappear. New separation layers are developed in the upper part of the caving body, and cracks are formed on both sides. The caving zone height of 4105 working face is stable at 164 m. With the continuous advancement of the working face, the height of the water-conducting fracture zone gradually increased and eventually stabilized at 244 m. The ground fissures extend 32 m downward from the surface. There is a 414 m rock layer above the water-conducting fracture zone as a protective layer, which is not connected to the surface and not communicated with the ground fissure. Therefore, Hongyan River will not leak, and the mining of coal seams will not affect Hongyan River.