石门揭煤局部防突措施研究进展及展望

    Research progress and prospects of local outburst prevention measures for rock cross-cut coal uncovering

    • 摘要: 随着矿井开采深度的增加,瓦斯突出问题日益凸显,如何快速安全地进行石门揭煤,是保障煤矿安全生产的重要目标。选取中国知网数据库中近30年相关文献为样本,基于图谱分析法,分析了石门揭煤局部防突领域中的研究热点;对防突措施的研究进展和不足之处进行了系统探析,分析发现低温冷冻技术从降低煤层储能及提高煤体强度2个角度实现防突。煤与瓦斯突出事故的发生是煤层储能失稳后突破了煤体抵抗能力导致的,基于目前局部防突领域存在的技术难题以及人工冻结存在的不足,结合智能化技术,提出智能“钻-抽-注”一体化措施,通过信号基站及局域网络进行实时监控及预警,实现精准防突;通过建立多物理场耦合模型、理论分析及工程实践验证3方面相结合,掌握冷冻条件下煤岩体瓦斯赋存状态及运移规律,为低温冷冻技术在石门揭煤局部防突中的应用提供理论依据;借助智能液氮冻结系统,实现“一孔多功能”,为石门揭煤局部防突工作提供新的选择和支持,从而快速、安全揭开突出危险性煤层。

       

      Abstract: With the increasing of mining depth, the problem of gas outburst becomes increasingly prominent. How to quickly and safely carry out rock cross-cut coal uncovering is an important goal to ensure the safety of coal mine production. In this paper, based on the graphical analysis method, the relevant literatures in the recent 30 years in the database of CNKI are selected as samples to analyze the research hotspots in the field of local outburst prevention of the rock cross-cut coal uncovering. After analyzing the research progress and shortcomings of the measures to outburst prevention, it is found that the low temperature freezing reduce the energy storage of coal seam and improve the strength of coal mass. However, coal strength is crucial to prevent gas disasters, because the occurrence of coal and gas outburst accidents is caused by the energy storage instability of coal seam breaking through the resistance of coal mass. Based on the technical problems existing in the field of local outburst prevention and the shortcomings of artificial freezing method, combined with intelligent technology, an intelligent integration measure of “drilling, pumping and injection” is proposed. Real-time monitoring and early warning are carried out through signal base stations and local area networks to achieve accurate outburst prevention. By combining the establishment of multi-physics coupling model, theoretical analysis and engineering practice verification, the occurrence state and migration law of gas in coal rock mass in freezing condition are mastered, which provides theoretical basis for the application of low temperature freezing technology in the local outburst of rock cross-cut coal uncovering. With the help of intelligent liquid nitrogen freezing system, “one hole multi-function” is realized, which provides a new choice and support for the local anti-outburst work of rock cross-cut coal uncovering, so as to quickly and safely uncover the dangerous coal seam of outburst.

       

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