Abstract: In order to reduce the damage of dynamic pressure impact to the support system and meet the needs of large deformation roadway, the bearing capacity model of anchor arch steel tray was constructed based on the spherical shell structure theory. The calculation formula of the maximum bearing capacity of steel tray was given. The influence of each parameter size of steel tray on its bearing capacity was analyzed. The characteristics of wood tray compression experiment were studied. The finite element static mechanical strength experiment of steel tray and composite tray was carried out by Abaqus software. The different characteristics of steel tray and composite tray under compression were compared and analyzed, and the influence of yield distance on the bearing capacity of composite tray was analyzed. The results show that the order of influence on the bearing capacity of steel pallet is arch height > radius of arch bottom circle > radius of orifice. The arch height and bearing capacity obey the logarithmic increase relationship, and the radius of arch bottom circle and orifice radius basically increase linearly with the bearing capacity of pallet. The wooden pallet in the steel-wood composite pallet is subjected to the force first, and has experienced the compaction stage, the elastic deformation stage and the plastic deformation stage. The compression of the wooden pallet can reduce the bearing force of the steel pallet by 30.03%. The stress-displacement curve of the composite pallet moves to the right, and the ultimate bearing capacity of the composite pallet increases. The compressive failure of the steel tray starts from the orifice and basically expands in a circular shape to the surrounding area. The high stress difference between the middle area and the four corner areas at the bottom of the tray is the main reason for the four corners failure of the tray.