Abstract: In view of the problems of low cross-linking strength, poor mechanical performance and easy damage of the structure of single network gel fire preventing and extinguishing materials, two interactions are introduced to construct a dual physical cross-linking network structure, and the Al³⁺-CMC/MMT-PAM dual network fire preventing and extinguishing gel is prepared, through the gelling time test of the gel under different ratios, the gel ratio suitable for coal spontaneous combustion fire prevention is selected, and the gelling time should be controlled at 4-7 min. The resistance performance of the gel was studied by program heating oxidation experiment, thermal analysis (TG-DSC), air plugging performance test and SEM, and the results show that: the weightlessness rate of gel-treated coal samples is reduced overall, the total calorific value is decreased significantly, and the activation energy is improved, which increases the difficulty of coal spontaneous combustion; after gel treatment, the release of CO and CO₂ decreases, the resistance rate and temperature change are negatively related, and the intersection temperature increases; the coagulation process is controllable, and the coal gap can be filled within 5 min.