Abstract: The dust in the main well tower seriously affects the health of the staff in the well tower and the safe and stable operation of the equipment. In order to reduce the dust diffusion effect in the well tower and further reduce the dust concentration in the well tower, the dust migration trajectory in the main hoisting shaft of Dongtan Coal Mine was studied, and the Eulerian-Lagrange method was used to study the gas-solid phase in the well tower. The average error of the numerical calculation method is 5% compared with the actual measured data in the field, and the numerical simulation method is reliable. The study found that the airflow in the tower produced swirling flow, and the static pressure of the airflow was clearly demarcated on the 8th floor. With the increase of floors, the proportion of PM2.5 gradually increased, especially in the 7th floor area, the proportion of PM2.5 was as high as 90%.