柿庄南区块煤储层地应力和破裂压力特征及其耦合关系

    In-situ stress and fracture pressure of coal reservoir in Shizhuangnan Block and their coupling relations

    • 摘要: 以柿庄南区块112口煤层气井为研究对象,采用水力压裂法计算煤储层地应力,获取了研究区地应力及破裂压力展布特征,分别建立了破裂压力与水平主应力、有效应力之间的相关模型,揭示了该区块3号煤储层地应力与破裂压力之间的耦合关系,并剖析了地应力对破裂压力的影响。研究结果表明:柿庄南区块3号煤储层整体为中等至高应力区,地应力场类型在垂向上发生转换,埋深400~640 m区域以逆断层应力场型为主,640~810 m区域以走滑断层应力场型为主,810 m以深区域以正断层应力场型为主;侧压系数一般为0.38~1.99,埋深600 m以浅区域,绝大多数大于1,埋深600~800 m区域,侧压系数为0.52~1.93,埋深800 m以深区域,侧压系数均小于1;该区块破裂压力为12.89~36.10 MPa,破裂压力梯度为1.47~6.09 MPa/hm,破裂压力与埋深呈现反“S”形变化,810 m以浅破裂压力离散性较大,整体与埋深呈现负相关,810 m以深破裂压力与埋深呈现正相关;该区块最大水平主应力、最小水平主应力及其各自应力梯度与煤储层破裂压力在一定程度上呈现正相关,但相关性不强;同一埋深条件下,破裂压力随着水平主应力的变化而变化,但最小水平主应力对破裂压力的影响明显大于最大水平主应力;煤储层破裂压力与水平主应力差呈反“N”形变化,与有效应力呈正相关;在水平应力差为2~4 MPa时,破裂压力随应力差的增大而减小;在水平应力差为4~8 MPa时,破裂压力随应力差的增大而增大;当水平应力差高于8 MPa时,破裂压力随应力差的增大而减小。

       

      Abstract: In order to study the relations between in-situ stress and fracture pressure, 112 vertical coalbed methane wells were selected as the research object in Shizhuangnan Block. The in-situ stress and fracture pressure were obtained by hydraulic fracturing calculation method. The correlation models between the fracture pressure and the horizontal principal stress and effective stress were established respectively. The characteristics of the in-situ stress and fracture pressure of the No.3 coal reservoir were revealed. The relationships between in-situ stress and fracture pressure were analyzed. The results show that the No.3 coal reservoir in Shizhangnan Block was a medium-high stress area as a whole and the stress field types were converted in the vertical direction. The stress field in the buried depth within 400-640 m area was a reverse fault stress field, the stress field in the buried depth within 640-810 m area was a strike-slip fault stress field and the stress field in the buried depth deeper than 810 m area was a normal fault stress field. The side pressure coefficient was 0.38-1.99. With a burial depth lower than 600 m, most side pressure coefficient was greater than 1; within 600-800 m, the side pressure coefficient was 0.52-1.93, and within the depth deeper than 800 m was less than 1. The fracture pressure was 12.89-36.10 MPa and its gradient was 1.47-6.09 MPa/hm. The fracture pressure and the buried depth showed a reversed S-shaped change. It had a large discreteness with a burial depth lower than 810 m, which was negatively correlated with the buried depth as a whole. The fracture pressure was positively correlated with the buried depth deeper than 810 m. To some extent, the maximum horizontal principal stress, minimum horizontal principal stress and their stress gradient were positively correlated to the fracture pressure of coal reservoir, but the correlation was not too strong. Under the same buried depth, the fracture pressure varied with the horizontal stress, but the influence of the minimum horizontal principal stress on the fracture pressure was obviously greater than that of the maximum horizontal principal stress. The fracture pressure and the horizontal stress deviation showed a reversed N-shaped change, and it had positive correlation with effective stress. The fracture pressure decreased with the increase of the stress deviation when the horizontal stress deviation was 2-4 MPa. The fracture pressure increases with the increase of the stress deviation when the horizontal stress deviation was 4-8 MPa. The fracture pressure decreases with the increase of the stress deviation when the stress difference was higher than 8 MPa.

       

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